1. PK 7-week Program

occurred: October 5, 2020 - November 20, 2020

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week 1 → internal medicine presentation, case studies, discussions, interactive games, etc

week 2 → internal medicine guest speaker 

week 3 → cardiovascular system presentation, case studies, discussions, interactive games, etc

week 4 → cardiology guest speaker 

week 5 → nervous system presentation, case studies, discussions, interactive games, etc

week 6 → guest speaker on pre-med & high school advice, administrative aspect of healthcare, MBA w/ focus in healthcare management 

week 7 → Orthopedics, nephrology, ophthalmology, OBGYN, neonatal care, fetal surgery presentation, case studies, discussions, interactive games, etc

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2. PK Intensive

occurred: December 5, 2020 - December 6, 2020

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*designed specifically for international high school students who could not join the previous program due to time zone conflicts. 8 countries were represented

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3. PK 7-week Winter Program

occurred: February 1, 2021 - March 15, 2021

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week 1 → pediatrics presentation, case studies, discussions, interactive games, etc

week 2 → pediatric surgery, guest speaker

week 3 → Oncology & Hematology presentation, case studies, discussions, interactive games, etc

week 4 → trauma surgery & emergency medicine PA, guest speaker 

week 5 → Dermatology presentation, case studies, discussions, interactive games, etc

week 6 → guest speaker on admin/business side of healthcare, step by step on how to treat cancer, reading scans, case studies, medical ethics, tumor board, provider compensation, clinical trials, and more

week 7→ Closing Session discovering case studies, interactive games, Q & A with medical school student mentors

4. PK 10-week Summer Program

occurred: June 14, 2021 - August 16, 2021

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week 1 → sports medicine presentation, case studies, discussions, interactive games, etc

week 2 → Mayo Clinic PM&R guest speaker

week 3 → doctor of pharmacy candidate and UCLA alum, guest speaker

week 4 → Pediatric Neurology

•epilepsy,

•cerebral palsy

•medullablastoma

•pediatric neurologists

•case studies

•interactive game 

weke 5 → child & adult neurology, guest speaker

•brain anatomy

imagineer modalities: homunculus

•middle cerebral artery, anterior cerebral artery, posterior cerebral artery

•seizures

•headache types and prevention

•Q&A and interactive games

week 6 → "Pharmacology"

•medications

•why/when prescriptions are made

•how medications work

•depressants

•benzodiazepines, stimulants, clonazepam, diazepam, amphetamines

•narcolepsy

•fetal alcohol syndrome

•interactive games & case studies

week 7 → BioMedical Engineer, guest speaker 

week 8 → Cardiology

•aortic aneurysms

•abdominal & thoracic aortic aneurysm

•fusiform vs. saccular

•aortic dissection

•heart rhythm

•tachycardia vs. bradycardia

•arrhythmia

•ventricular & atrial fibrillation

•cardiomyopathy

•diagnosis & treatment options

•interactive games and case studies

week 9 → Dermatology presentation, case studies, discussions, interactive games, etc

week 10 →  guest speaker, cardiology & session review

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5. PK 7-week Fall Program

occurred: October 18, 2021 - December 6, 2021

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week 1 → plastic surgery presentation, medical imaging identification, case studies, discussions, interactive games, etc

week 2 → solving of plastic surgery case studies

week 3 → microbiology

•what is microbiology

•microbes

•golden age of microbiology

•germ theory of disease

•antiseptic surgery

•anthrax

•antibiotics

•virus vs. bacteria

•penicillin

•sulfonamides

•tetracyclines

•macropods

week 4 → microbiology guest speaker 

•What are microbes and microbiology? 

•History of the microscope, epidemiology, & germ theory

•Opportunistic pathogens (candida albicans, clostridium difficile, neisseris meningitidis) 

•Nosocomial infections 

•Food-borne illness (salmonella enterica, clostridium perfringens, campylobacter jejuni, staphylococcus aureus, clostridium botulinum, listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli, vibrio)

•Parasitology (vetinary & tropical medicine) ~ blood (toxoplasma gondii) - food (giardia intestinalis) - insects (trypansoma cruzi) - water (naegleria fowleri

•Toxoplasma gondii, Giardia lamblia/duodenalis, Trypanasoma cruzi, Naegleria fowleri

•Future professions you can pursue related to microbiology

week 5 → pediatric neurology presentation, medical imaging identification, case studies, discussions, interactive games, etc

week 6 → pediatric neurology guest speaker

•brain anatomy 101

•imaging modalities

•seizures (infantile spasms, myoglobin, absence, atomic)

•headaches

•cerebral palsy

week 7 → medical ethics, guest speaker

•pillars of medical ethics

•professions involved

•case studies

•real-life examples of where medical ethics were or should have been used

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6. PK 10-week Summer Program

occurred: June 27, 2022 - August 29, 2022

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Week 1 → Vascular Neurology

•exploration of vascular neurology 

•distinguishing cerebral aneurysms types & sizes

•​etiologyy of saccular aneursyms

•SAH symptoms, diagnosis, & treatment(s)

•identification of cerebral aneurysms via MRA, CTA, DSA scans

•Embolisms

 •Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)

 •exploration of Duplex Ultrasonography

 •exploration of D Dimer Blood Test

 •Transient Ischemic Attack case study

Week 2 → Neurology Guest Speaker

Week 3 → OB/GYN

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  - who/what is OB/GYN?

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  - subspecialties of OB/GYN

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  - journey to become a OB/GYN

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  - what is poly cystic ovary syndrome?

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  - symptoms, diagnosis, causes and managements for PCOS

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  - importance of cervix

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  - etiology of cervical dysplasia (precursors, epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagrams, tissue images, etc)

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  - detection vs diagnosis of cervical dysplasia

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  - Pap smears

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  - treatment for cervical dysplasia

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  - cone biopsy

• - Loop Electricalsurgical Excision Procedure

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Week 4 → Endocrinology

​- discovery of endocrinology
- conditions that endocrinologists encounter
- hashimoto disease (what is it, etiology, diagnosis, treatment)
- hepatitis C related to hashimoto
- presence or absence of goiter
- Thyroid peroxidase antibodies
- thyroglobulin & thyroglobulin antibody
- pathology of hashimoto disease
- levothyroxine
- inflammation detection via ultrasound
- hyperthyroidism (diagnosis, detection, etiology)
- Plummer’s disease
- Grave’s disease
- Agranulocytosis
- radioiodine uptake test
- thyroidectomy process
- methimazole

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Week 5 → Neonatology​
- discover of neonatology
- pediatrics vs. neonatology
- work setting of neonatologist
- importance, function, & anatomy of a placenta
- perinatal asphyxia (etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, immediate action)
- amniotic fluid embolus
- identifying umbilical knots via ultrasounds
- uterine ruptures
- reperfusion
- hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy
- APGAR score
- severe acid in arterial blood of umbilical cord
- extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
- therapeutic hypothermia process
- jaundice (etiology, symptoms, risks, diagnosis, treatment)
- hyperbilirubinemia
- biliary atresia
- intravenous immunoglobulin
- kernicterus
- acute bilirubin encephalopathy
- intrauterine growth restriction (etiology, symptoms, long-term effects, treatment)

Week 6 → OBGYN PA-C, Guest Speaker Jessie

Common Appointment Types:
- Gynecology: Well woman exams, Birth control, Endometriosis, Fibroids, etc
- Obstetrics: Routine OB care, High risk pregnancy, GDM counseling
- Urogynecology: Prolapse, Recurrent UTI, incontinence

Common procedures:
- Gynecology: IUD insertion/removal, Nexplanon insertion/removal, EMB, etc
- Obstetrics: Reviewing ultrasound & biophysical profiles, First assists on C-section, etc
- Urogynecology: Pessary fitting/insertion, Urodynamics studies

-Well woman exam case study
-Cervical changes: normal vs. LSIl vs. HSIL vs. cervical cancer
-Hereditary cancers
⁃Obstetrics case study & prenatal “recipe”
⁃Urogynecology case study of prolapse
⁃Pelvic organ prolapse types

Week 7 → Genetics

⁃Who are geneticist?
⁃Genes vs. chromsomes
⁃Marfan syndrome (etiology, diagnosis, monitoring, etc)
⁃Spontaneous gene mutation
⁃Fibrillin-1
⁃TGF-B
⁃Zonule fibers, leans, etc
⁃Dislocated intraocular lens (IOL)
⁃Marfan syndrome affects (skeletal system, cardiovascular system, etc)
⁃Marfan syndrome case studies
⁃Cystic fibrosis (etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment)
⁃Sinusitis
⁃CFTR mutation
⁃Cystic Fibrosis new born screening
⁃Pneumothorax
⁃CF complications (digestive, reproductive, etc)
⁃Distal intestinal obstruction syndrome (DIOS)
⁃Huntington’s disease symptoms (movement disorders, cognitive, psychiatric), diagnosis, treatment

Week 8 → Medical School Panel

Week 9 → Healthcare Governance & Policy Guest Speaker

- healthcare governance definition and conditions
- corporate governance vs. clinical governance
- healthcare policy importance, conditions, etc
- employer sponsored insurance plans, cessation programs, error prevention, etc
- HIPAA, HITECH, EMTALA, PSQIA, AKBS, ADA, FMLA
- careers and job titles in governance and policy
- emergency management
- The Incident Command System (ICS)
- Q&A

Week 10 → Medical Ethics & Program Overview

- ethics committee
- medical malpractice law
- 4 pillars of medical ethics
- case studies

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7. PK 7-week Spring Program

occurring: February 13, 2023 - March 27, 2023

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Week 1 → Oncology & Hematology

Week 2 → Pediatric Oncology Case Studies

Week 3 → Radiology

Week 4 → Radiology Guest Speaker: Dr. Adon Khachikian

Week 5 → ENT

Week 6 → OB/GYN and NICU

Week 4 → Pediatric Neurology

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8. PK 7-week Spring Program

occurring: February 13, 2023 - March 27, 2023

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Week 1 → Endocrinology

Week 2 → Sports Medicine

Week 3 → Neurology

Week 4 → Neurology Guest Speaker: Dr. Jasmin Sanchez

Week 5 → Genetics

Week 6 → Medical Ethics and Case Studies

Week 7 → Case Studies

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8. PK 4-week Summer Program

occurring: June 6, 2024- June 27, 2024

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Week 1 → Neonatology

Week 2 → Cardiology

Week 3 → Radiology

Week 4 (part 1) → Sports Medicine

Week 4 (part 2) → Guest Speaker

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